solyman shafee; Mohsen Nowkarizi; Amin Zare
Abstract
The Objective: The objective of this study aims at the identification of the resources of knowledge, study the effect of Dalkir’s integrated life cycle of organizational knowledge on documenting knowledge and provide a practical model of knowledge documentation in central libraries of the state universities ...
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The Objective: The objective of this study aims at the identification of the resources of knowledge, study the effect of Dalkir’s integrated life cycle of organizational knowledge on documenting knowledge and provide a practical model of knowledge documentation in central libraries of the state universities in Iran.Methodology: The research methodology of this study is based on the analytical survey with an applied purpose. The statistical population of the study included the heads, assistants and the directors of the central libraries of the state universities in Iran. Out of the survey population of 172 members, based on the size and sample table of Krejcie & Morgan, 113 people were randomly selected, with response rate of 88% and 100 returned questionnaires. An electronic self-made questionnaire with 100 questions was used for the data collection purposes. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 8 specialist professors of this field and its reliability, according to the average Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated at 87.45.Results: The result of the multiple regression analysis showed that the Dalkir’s integrated life cycle of organizational knowledge had significant relationship with knowledge documentation and the correlation between the variables was 0.63 which was at high level. According to the adjusted correlation coefficient, 0.40 percent of the dependent variable was covered by the aforementioned cycle. The estimated direct and indirect effects of the independent variables showed that the variables knowledge capture, knowledge refinement and knowledge sharing directly with coefficients of 0.39, 0.34 and 0.27, and variables of knowledge filtering/selection and knowledge access indirectly with total coefficients of 0.22 and 0.25 were effective on knowledge documentation. The results of exploratory factor analysis resulted in extracting three factors of extraction resources and recording tacit knowledge of managers, extracting new knowledge from sources of explicit knowledge for data and web searching and 63.35% of the total variance was explained.Originality/Value: This is the first study of its kind relating to the documentation of knowledge in central libraries of the state universities in Iran with the aim of providing a practical model.
Amin Zare; solyman shafee
Abstract
Purpose: This study sought to answer these questions that How is the experience of Flow among Razi University students in studding as well as in cyberspace.
Methodology: The present study was a type of applied research that was conducted using survey method. The research data were collected using ...
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Purpose: This study sought to answer these questions that How is the experience of Flow among Razi University students in studding as well as in cyberspace.
Methodology: The present study was a type of applied research that was conducted using survey method. The research data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on the Csikszentmihalyi Flow theory for work and learning environments, and by making changes to it, a 36-question questionnaire was developed based on the Likert five-step spectrum. Out of a total of 36 questions, 12 questions were assigned to assess the Flow experience in each of the components (course based study, non-course based study and cyberspace use). To assess the validity of the questionnaire, the opinions of several professors and PhD students in information science were used. Data reliability of the data collection instrument was also calculated using Cronbach's alpha, and the 0.87 alpha coefficient indicated the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire. Using random sampling method, 375 questionnaires were distributed among Razi University students, of which 322 questionnaires were completed, returned and analyzed. Data analysis was performed using version 25 of SPSS software.
Findings: The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was between 1.96 and 1.96, and based on this, it can be argued that the distribution of the cumulative frequency observed was the same as the expected cumulative frequency distribution and the distribution of the studied adjective to the normal distribution. Therefore, it was possible to use parametric tests for research. The results of the variable t-test showed that the Flow experience among Razi University students in cyberspace is significantly greater than when they study - whether they are studying or not.
Conclusion: Low Flow experience while studying can be due to poor reading skills and reading habits, which are common even among students. . Other reasons for not experiencing Flow while studying include the possible imbalance between skill and challenge, which can sometimes make the activity sometimes anxious, sometimes boring, meaning that if the challenge is more than skill, the person will be anxious. And if it is less than skilled, he will get bored.
Amin Zare
Abstract
Understanding the thoughts of writers, elites and thinkers is one of the most important human concerns. Perhaps one of the best ways to understand a person's thoughts and ideas is to use qualitative approaches and in-depth interviews with the person. It can be said that what we write has a conceptual ...
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Understanding the thoughts of writers, elites and thinkers is one of the most important human concerns. Perhaps one of the best ways to understand a person's thoughts and ideas is to use qualitative approaches and in-depth interviews with the person. It can be said that what we write has a conceptual relationship with what we read and cite. Therefore, just as we can understand the text by analyzing the documents, by examining and analyzing the sources used in a person's works, we can possibly know his knowledge, whether written or obvious, or what remains in the back of the thinker's mind. Understanding and not being able to achieve objectivity can be understood and understood. It is possible to comprehensively analyze the citations used in a person's writings and to consider the assumption of the connection between the document and the text, to the ideas proposed by The person realized. The use of citation analysis to study conceptual relationships between document and text is not new, but so far no research has been done using this method with the aim of recognizing and discovering the system of knowledge and the thought of the author of the text. Using this new research approach, in addition to examining the views and ideas of prominent people in a specialized field, can serve the study of the history of science.
Conclusion
The use of citation analysis method to study the conceptual relationships between the document and the text is unprecedented, but so far no research has been done using this method to identify and discover the knowledge system and the sphere of thought of the author. Using this new research approach, in addition to examining the opinions and ideas of prominent people in a specialized field, can be used to study the history of science.
Hadis Bagherian; Amin Zare; Mohsen Golmohammadian
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of group reading of stories on increasing empathy and altruism of preschool children with a positive approach. The hypotheses of the current research were:Group storytelling has an effect on strengthening the empathy ...
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Background and Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of group reading of stories on increasing empathy and altruism of preschool children with a positive approach. The hypotheses of the current research were:Group storytelling has an effect on strengthening the empathy spirit of preschool girls in Kermanshah.Group storytelling is effective in strengthening the spirit of altruism of preschool girls in Kermanshah.Methodology: To conduct this research, a quasi-experimental method was used with the subject and control group. The statistical population consisted of all the girls who attended preschool in Kermanshah in the academic year 98-99. The investigated sample was of the available type, which included 20 children who were randomly divided into two groups of 10 people, test and control. The data collection tool was Ayung et al.'s (2009) empathy questionnaires (parent form) and Goodman et al.'s (1997) altruism questionnaires (parent form). Due to the fact that the questionnaires of empathy, analysis by Ayung et al. (2009) and altruism by Goodman et al. (1997) are standard. Therefore, their validity has already been established and does not need to be proven again. In order to test the reliability of the questionnaires used in this research, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used, so that the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for empathy and altruism variables was calculated through SPSS statistical software and if If the obtained alpha value is more than 0.7, the questionnaires have good reliability. Table No. 1 shows Cronbach's alpha coefficient of both questionnaires. In this research, descriptive statistics of indicators such as frequency distribution table, mean, standard deviation, maximum difference, maximum and minimum, and inferential statistics from Yeoman-Whitney analysis method for empathy and altruism variables in SPSS software. used.Findings: The findings showed that in the experimental group, there was a significant difference between post-test scores in empathy and altruism variables, but there was no significant difference between pre-test-post-test scores in the control group. The findings showed that in the pre-test and before the story-telling sessions, the altruism component was almost the same in both experimental and control groups, then after the storytelling sessions in the experimental group, there were changes in the mean variable scores. We are altruistic that these changes do not exist in the control group, hence we come to the conclusion that storytelling has an effect on the empathy variable in the experimental group and the hypothesis is confirmed.Discussion: According to the obtained results, storytelling can promote the sense of empathy and altruism of children and also improve their performance in this field, which can be used in educational and clinical settings as He used an educational and at the same time fun method. According to the confirmation of research hypotheses, it can be concluded that group storytelling is effective on empathy and altruism of preschool girls in Kermanshah. Therefore, based on Bandura's socio-cognitive theory, storytelling can be considered as a suitable and effective tool for improving children's morale and behavior, which should be used in indirect education since childhood.
Amin Zare
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The importance of information varies depending on the need for it and the situation in which one lives, and sometimes becomes of critical value. The concept of health and health literacy are concepts that relate to health and its domains and affect one's ability to act on health ...
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Background and Objectives: The importance of information varies depending on the need for it and the situation in which one lives, and sometimes becomes of critical value. The concept of health and health literacy are concepts that relate to health and its domains and affect one's ability to act on health information and to better control personal, family, and community health, and thus not only an individual but also an individual characteristic. It is considered as a key determinant of community health. The outbreak of coronavirus and Covid 19 in late 2019 prompted the World Health Organization to declare an epidemic, and the need for accurate and accurate information to combat the virus and the disease became a serious need, with many at hand they searched for news and information about the disease and ways to prevent or treat it. In view of the above, the present study seeks to explore the ways and channels of information and news related to Covid disease among Kermanshah citizens.
Methodology: This study was descriptive, descriptive, and applied in terms of purpose. Survey method was used and data were collected using a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was evaluated by a number of masters and PhDs. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.81). The population of this study should have included all citizens of Kermanshah if it were conducted under normal circumstances, but given that the present study was conducted in a situation of crisis and isolation epidemic, it was not possible to reach all citizens equally and equitably; Since the questionnaire could not be distributed, the questionnaire was distributed electronically through two groups and a telegram channel to 29812 citizens of Kermanshah and all were asked to answer the questionnaire. , Participate in research. The sample size required was 377 according to Morgan's chart and simple random sampling. The questionnaire was sent to the mentioned groups and channels on 27/12/1398 and by the 6/6/1399 377 people participated in the study. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 22) at both descriptive and inferential levels.
Findings: Citizens of Kermanshah also relied on public messengers such as Telegram and WhatsApp as well as social networking sites such as Instagram and Twitter for information on Covid 19 related health. The average score of these two sources indicates that Kermanshah citizens are heavily using these two tools to inform Covid 19. However, the difference between the components of meaningful cyberspace and standard deviation score indicated a high diversity and distribution of responses. Findings from a doctors questioning to find out about Coronavirus and Covid 19 showed that public doctors were more frequently referred, both in face to face and indirectly by telephone or social media. But overall, the mean score indicated that referral rates to doctors were below average.
Discussion: For Kermanshah citizens, awareness of disease symptoms as well as prevention methods of Covid 19 were prioritized to health information, meaning that awareness of symptoms and ways of disease prevention was more than other motivations and goals. They were interested. This is especially true for those who have not yet had the disease, and perhaps if the patients had access to and participation in the research, follow-up goals such as information seeking through treatment would have been more prominent. The overwhelming use of media by respondents to obtain health information at the time of the outbreak of the Corona virus can be justified from two angles. The first type is the tool and its resources and features and the second is the type of data collection through electronic questionnaire form. As the questionnaire was distributed electronically and data were collected, many of the participants in the study were people who used cyberspace, messenger, and social networks at a relatively large level. Citizens' high usage of audio-visual and audio media to inform health about Covid 19, along with a few referrals to doctors and using of official sources such as books and journals, can be risky because it reinforces the possibility that some information Non-specialist and undocumented to be used by citizens about this disease.
Public Libraries
Mohsen Jafari; Amin Zare; mahmood moradi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In the nature of all people, there is a desire for beauty and order and discipline. People are tired of being unconsciously tired of bedbugs, as well as confused. Tidy and orderly as well as beautifying the environment can make the environment happier and therefore more pleasant ...
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Background and Objectives: In the nature of all people, there is a desire for beauty and order and discipline. People are tired of being unconsciously tired of bedbugs, as well as confused. Tidy and orderly as well as beautifying the environment can make the environment happier and therefore more pleasant for the staff and clients, and this makes the mobility, learning and passion for work and service and service more and more. Ultimately, it will satisfy both parties. Libraries are no exception. The library should be so attractive that it will attract people. In the meantime, there appear to be a number of factors that have prevented this attraction and, as a result, the appeal to public libraries. The exterior and interior of the library appear to be very effective in this appeal, though the primary responsibility for designing and implementing decent and convenient buildings for public libraries is not borne by librarians, but the chief authority is delegated to civil engineers but staff and librarians. Public libraries can also make use of the criteria and parameters obtained in this applied research to make the most of the limited opportunities available to them and to the extent possible to make the public library environment happier. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of juvenile public libraries on attracting users among public librarians in Kermanshah.
Methodology: This research is a kind of applied research that has been done in descriptive-survey method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the juxtaposition of public library environments on user attraction. The study population consisted of the public libraries of Kermanshah which according to the statistics of the Kermanshah Public Libraries Office by the end of September 1977 consisted of 24087 people including 9884 men and 14203 women. A stratified random sampling method was used to select the samples (each library was considered as one class). The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The required sample size was 378 based on Cochran's formula with 5% error rate. The questionnaires were then distributed to the public libraries of Kermanshah. It was collected directly by the researcher on site and finally 378 questionnaires were collected. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics (frequency distribution table, minimum and maximum score, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (simple and multiple regression).
Findings: The results of this research in the field of testing hypotheses are as follows:
The adjusted coefficient of determination for environmental sourcing is 0.103, which can account for 10.3% of the variation in the amount of users' absorption rate using the environmental sourcing variable. As a result, the first sub-hypothesis of the research is confirmed.
The adjusted coefficient of determination for environmental makeup is 0.144, which can account for 14.4% of the variation in the amount of user absorption using the environmental makeup variable. As a result, the second sub-hypothesis of the research is confirmed.
The adjusted coefficient of determination for the environmental space is 0.087, which can account for 8.7% of the variation in the amount of user absorption by using the environmental variable. As a result, the third sub-hypothesis of the research is confirmed.
The adjusted coefficient of determination for the welfare dimension is 0.224, which can be predicted by 24.7% of the variation in the amount of user absorption using the welfare sector variable. As a result, the fourth sub-hypothesis of the research is confirmed.
The adjusted coefficient of determination for environmental elements is 0.099, which can account for 9.9% of the variation in the amount of users' absorption by using environmental variables. As a result, the fifth sub-hypothesis of the research is confirmed.
Discussion: From the results of this study, it can be concluded that the factors affecting the attractiveness of public libraries among the public librarians of Kermanshah affect the attractiveness of public libraries. Therefore, public librarians should aim to enhance the vibrancy of library environments. Some of the operational recommendations derived from the results of this study are:
Managing book volumes on shelves, reducing congestion on the desk, increasing the number of desks and chairs, removing unused equipment and more.
Proper layout of shelves, convenient access to the library repository, placing pots and decorative objects in the library, arranging sofas and chairs in the right place, signboard readability and more.
Consider a convenient location for users to relax, appropriate library access conditions and the green space around the library.
Amin Zare; ُSorraya Zangeneh; Sara Bahraminia; Mahmoud Moradi
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Today, research and doing scientific investigations are considered the basis of the progress of societies, and spending money on research is actually an investment. Science begins with research. Organizations serve the human community with the power of science, and human beings, ...
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Background and Objectives: Today, research and doing scientific investigations are considered the basis of the progress of societies, and spending money on research is actually an investment. Science begins with research. Organizations serve the human community with the power of science, and human beings, as the third and strongest side of this structure, have an undeniable impact on advancing the goals of the organization and society. The development of human knowledge over previous decades has been done through both education and research. The findings of the previous generation have been passed on to the present generation through education. At the same time, the new generation has produced knowledge for the next generation by conducting various types of research. The process of producing knowledge requires knowledge of research methods as well as the development of relevant skills. Creative, knowledgeable, and capable human resources strengthen the structure of the organization and contribute to the development of society and the improvement of services. Therefore, considering the importance of research, the present study was conducted to investigate the factors related to the tendency of librarians working in public libraries in Kermanshah province to research.
Methodology:In this research, a survey method was used. The statistical population of all librarians working in public libraries of Kermanshah province is under the supervision of the Public Libraries of the country, which was examined as a census of the whole society. Out of 170 librarians, 139 participated to research by completing the researcher-made questionnaire with the reliability of ٨/٩١ in the scale of Alpha-Cronbach. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23. The tests used in this study, were the Clemogrov Smirnov (KS) test, the independent T-test, and the Pearson correlation coefficient, which were used to examine the correlation between the variables. The regression coefficients and the regression line equation were also obtained for the research variables.
Findings: The findings illustrated that there is a significant correlation between motivation variables, management strategies, individual and professional abilities, career advancement, level of education, and salary increase with the tendency of librarians to do research. There was no significant correlation between age and years of service with the level of a research orientation of librarians in public libraries. There was no significant difference between men and women, as well as the field of study of librarians working in public libraries in Kermanshah province. Among the variables related to the tendency of librarians to research, the motivation variable was the most important (38%), the variable of individual and specialized abilities (25%) and the variable of management policies (23%), and the tendency of librarians to do research was the next variable. The two variables of career advancement and salary increase were removed from the regression equation.
Discussion: The tendency to do research at the beginning and to a large extent goes back to the individual (variable motivation) that is developed by acquiring individual and specialized skills and abilities. However, in order for research activities to continue, growth and strengthening require the planning and support of senior and decision-making managers and officials in libraries and information centers (management policies). In general, and considering the relationship between research variables, it can be concluded that educated librarians in the field of librarianship with a high level of education (master's degree and above) who have sufficient internal motivation and are familiar with research techniques and specific and valuable personal skills (variable of individual and professional abilities), if the organization's research policies are supportive and career advancement and salary increases are not considered at a low level, they would have a strong desire to do research. The results of this study suggest that the tendency to research returns to the individual at the beginning and to a large extent (variable motivation with the highest predictive power) but to grow and strengthen the need for planning and support of high-ranking officials and decision-makers. The recipient has in libraries and information centers (management lines). In this regard, it is recommended that librarians who are interested in research and conduct research activities be encouraged (not necessarily financially). Consider courses and courses to strengthen and develop research skills.
Amin Zare
Abstract
Background and Objectives: One of the most important variables in the success of any organization is observance of ethics in general and professional ethics in particular. Professional ethics is the organization's communication behavior with the environment based on rights, obligations and duties. Laws ...
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Background and Objectives: One of the most important variables in the success of any organization is observance of ethics in general and professional ethics in particular. Professional ethics is the organization's communication behavior with the environment based on rights, obligations and duties. Laws and principles in the librarian practice usually refer to practices that are expected to be professional goals, purposes, and requirements. The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which librarians at the Astan Qods Razavi Libraries are familiar with the principles of professional ethics with respect to age, experience, their job, education level, job specialty, gender, position and employment status. The research sought to answer the following questions: What is the extent to which librarians in libraries affiliated with Astan Qods Razavi are familiar with the professional ethics of librarianship and ethical charter? How is the knowledge of librarians of Astan Qods Razavi libraries based on prioritizing the principles of professional ethics (responsibility towards their respective organization, self, profession, colleagues, users, professionals in other disciplines)? Is there a significant relationship between the variables of age and level of education and the level of librarians' familiarity with Astan Qods Razavi Libraries and the professional ethics of librarianship? Are there any significant differences between different groups of librarians in Astan Qods Razavi Libraries in terms of gender and marital orientation? Research questions are: What is the extent to which librarians in libraries affiliated with Astan Quds Razavi are familiar with the professional ethics of librarianship? How is the knowledge of librarians of Astan Quds Razavi libraries based on prioritizing the principles of professional ethics (responsibility towards relevant organization, self, profession, colleagues, users, professionals in other disciplines)? Is there a significant correlation between the variables of age and level of education and the level of librarians' familiarity with Astan Quds Razavi Libraries and the professional ethics of librarianship? Is there a significant difference between different groups of librarians in Astan Quds Razavi libraries on gender and marital orientation? Methodology: The present study was a descriptive one and was conducted by using the survey method. The research population consisted of all librarians of Astan Qods Razavi libraries including 152 librarians from 43 libraries. A questionnaire was designed by researchers to collect the research data. In addition to demographic questions, 63 closed-ended questions based on the five-point Likert scale were used. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by experts and some experts' opinions and Cronbach's alpha was used to calculate the reliability of the questionnaire. Due to the limited population of the study, sampling was avoided and census method was used. Therefore, 152 questionnaires were sent to the research community through administrative automation, of which 120 questionnaires were completed and returned. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. SPSS software version 20 and MS Excel spreadsheet software were used. Findings: The findings of this study showed that librarians of libraries affiliated to Astan Qods Razavi have little knowledge of professional ethics. This may be due to the lack of attention given by the authorities to professional ethics or even to a mere focus on ethical standards in general and a lack of attention to the professional ethics of librarianship. The findings of the present study also indicated that there is a significant correlation between demographic variables such as age, level of education, and familiarity with professional ethics of Astan Qods Razavi librarians. And the positive direction of the relationship showed that with increasing age and level of education, librarians in Astan Qods Razavi libraries would increase their professional ethics and its components, and older people would be more familiar with younger and more educated people. There is a higher level of professional ethics than lower educated people. Discussion: The results of prioritizing the professional ethics components from the librarian's point of view showed that responsibility towards the profession was in the first priority, self-responsibility in the second priority, responsibility toward society in the third and responsibility toward organization ranked in forth priority. There is a higher level of professional ethics than lower educated people. This may mean increasing the level of familiarity with professional ethics within the mentioned community, which may be influenced by some of the workshops that may be held at Astan Quds Razavi or dealing with people with experience and transferring their experiences to librarians. It has made them more familiar with the components of professional ethics in librarianship within the research community.
Soleiman Shafiei; Amin Zare
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Meta-analysis is a new paradigm different from qualitative, metaphorical, and systematic review. The subjectivity of the implemented studies, the existence of heterogeneity and contradiction in the results of studies and the interpretation of the results in comparison with ...
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Background and Objectives: Meta-analysis is a new paradigm different from qualitative, metaphorical, and systematic review. The subjectivity of the implemented studies, the existence of heterogeneity and contradiction in the results of studies and the interpretation of the results in comparison with quantitative research have been the reasons for the formation of the meta-analysis method. Some researchers believe that in 1970s the research in the area of social science and investigating the social and cultural issues faced some challenges in regards with methodology. These challenges could be raised because of subjectivity of research, ambiguities in the results of different pieces of research, ineffective relation between the results of studies and political guidelines, intercreativity of results in comparison with quantitative research are the main reasons of these challenges. Some researchers make a signs of the development of higher education and the explosion of research reports as the reason of re-thinking about new paradigm in the methodology of social science studies in 1970s. One of the solution for this problem, was the using of mixed methodologies for the integrating of results of related pieces of research. Methodology: The aim of this research was to investigate the theoretical foundations of Meta-analysis methodology. This paper is an analytical overview that has been developed using the documentary methodology and theoretical sources. In this research, firstly, information resources and researches in the field of meta-analysis, including articles, theses, books and web pages were identified. Then, the collected data were studied and analyzed using a descriptive-analytical approach. Finally, the results of the study were analyzed analytically in comparison with information science and science researches. Findings: The meta-analysis method was proposed in 1967 with the aim of integrating and integrating the studies carried out in the field of social, cultural and behavioral analysis using statistical methods. In addition, systematic review, metaphysics, transcendence, and metadata are equivalent meta-analytic terms, which are fundamentally different in nature and merely beyond which qualitative research is combined and their similarities and differences are compared, their findings are translated into each other and interpreted New from their collection. Research has shown that heterogeneity of publications, heterogeneity, incomplete data, availability and availability of early-qualifying studies and studies in other languages are the most important issues and strategies for solving meta-analysis problems in information science and science, and meta-analysis in this field is rarely used. Is located. Studies in information science and science show that in terms of volume, statistical properties and quality, the necessary framework for the implementation of meta-analysis studies in this field is provided and the meta-analysis is an appropriate opportunity for scholars of this science to integrate the results of studies, develop existing theories, create new theories And provided comprehensive interpretations of the phenomena examined. The research also showed that there is no limit to the introduction of studies into the meta-analysis, and the number of studies included in the composition depends on the subject matter of the research and the goal, so that if a researcher examines a phenomenon based on the very personal experience of the subjects studied, Few studies are sufficient, but more studies are needed to measure more common phenomena. Discussion: Information science and science as one of the branches of social sciences have a large amount of quantitative and qualitative research, and in practice there is a weak link between the results of these studies and its policies and policies. Studies in the field of information science and science have often been reviewed in the form of a meta-analysis. Researchers of this science use the systematic review method to collect raw data, to diagnose, integrate, and express simple and sequential expressions of research results. However, the number and quality of research done and the contradiction and heterogeneity in their results have made the use of the meta-analysis method more necessary. Considering that, on the one hand, the quantitative and qualitative researches carried out in the field of information science and science, taking into account the meta-criteria criteria, have been suitable conditions for entering meta-class studies, and, on the other hand, it is possible to employ a wide range of statistical methods in meta-analysis such as the size of the effect, Determining the significance level and deviation from the standard of effect size. Therefore, the field for researchers in this science is provided to integrate the results of studies, develop existing theories, create new theories, strengthen the certainty of cause and effect relationship, and provide comprehensive interpretations of the phenomena examined. Also, heterogeneity of studies, lack of consistency, incomplete data, access to early studies, and quantitative and qualitative data on the progress of knowledge and information science experts in the use of meta-analysis, should be addressed further.
